Hagati ya Nzeri na Ukwakira, Ikigo cy’Imisoro cya Brezili cyamenyesheje abacuruzi 1.121.419 ku giti cyabo (MEI) n’ibigo 754.915 bito n’ibiciriritse byari bifite imyenda muri Simples Nacional (Sisteme y’Imisoro yoroheje y’Igihugu), bishobora kwirukanwa muri ubu buryo bw’imisoro umwaka utaha niba batishyuye imyenda yabo. Iki kibazo cyo kutishyura inguzanyo gishobora guterwa cyane no kutagira gahunda y’imari, nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa na Ceape Brasil (Ikigo Gishinzwe Gushyigikira Ibigo Bito) kugira ngo bumve uburyo Uburezi bw’Imari buri mu bashoramari bato. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubigaragaza, 69.7% by’ababajijwe bavuga ko bagize ibibazo byo kubahiriza inshingano zabo z’ubucuruzi, harimo no kwishyura abatanga serivisi cyangwa abakozi. Kandi, iyo bishoboka, fagitire z’umuryango zifatwa nk’izitari ngombwa, nk’uko byatangajwe n’abandi 29.3%.
Claudia Cisneiros, umuyobozi mukuru wa CEAPE Brasil, ushinzwe gutanga inguzanyo ntoya zitanga umusaruro, asobanura agira ati: “Imiterere y’ubukungu rusange muri Brezili iragoye bihagije kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo bo muri Brezili. Turacyafite inyungu nyinshi n’iterambere ry’ubukungu riri hasi. Ariko ikibazo nyamukuru ni ukwitegura kwa rwiyemezamirimo ubwe. Akenshi, abantu ntibagenzura amafaranga binjiza n’ayo bakoresha kandi ntibagire ubumenyi bw’ibanze mu by’imari kugira ngo bafate ibyemezo by’ingenzi bishobora gutuma ubucuruzi buramba cyangwa bugatsindwa.”.
Ikindi gitangaje cyavuye mu bushakashatsi ni uko 54.1% by'abikorera ari bo basanzwe batandukanya konti zabo bwite n'iz'ubucuruzi. Mu icyitegererezo cyose, 5.4% by'ababajijwe bavuze ko nta mpamvu babona yo kuzitandukanya. Abandi 25.2% bavuze ko hari igihe bakeneye kwimura umutungo wabo bwite mu bucuruzi, naho abandi 15.4% bavuze ko "bakora uko bashoboye," bivuze ko badashobora gucunga konti ebyiri zitandukanye kuko imibare idahuye.
Claudia Cisneiros yizera ko muri rusange, ba rwiyemezamirimo bo muri Brezili basanzwe basobanukiwe akamaro ko kugira ubumenyi bwiza mu by'imari kugira ngo ubucuruzi bukomeze, ariko hari byinshi bigikorwa mu buryo budasobanutse neza. Yagize ati: “Bisa n’ibisanzwe, ariko igitekerezo cyo ‘gukora’ kiragaragara cyane iyo tuvuga ku gucunga ubucuruzi buto. Mbere, byari bisanzwe ko abantu badashyira amafaranga yabo mu byiciro bya buri munsi kandi bakagerageza cyane ‘kuringaniza amafaranga’ mu minsi ya nyuma y’ukwezi. Muri iki gihe, abantu benshi basobanukiwe ko ari ngombwa gukora ubu buyobozi nk'uburyo bwo gukumira, ariko bahakana ubufasha bw'umuhanga mu ibaruramari, urugero.”.
Kwinenga
Abenshi (33.5%) bavuze ko ikosa ryabo nyamukuru mu by'imari ari ukutagira gahunda mu kwishyura, hagakurikiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura bwapimwe nabi (27.7%). 22.7% bahuye n'ibibazo bitewe no "kugura ibintu ku buryo butunguranye" batabanje gusuzuma ingaruka z'ejo hazaza. Abasigaye 16.1% bagaragaje ko guhitamo uburyo bubi bwo kwishyura cyangwa bwo gutanga inguzanyo byari byarabateje ibibazo.
Ku bijyanye no kugenzura amafaranga yinjira n'ayasohoka, amakuru yabonetse agaragaza ikibazo giteye impungenge: 9.1% by'abacuruzi bavuga ko bagenzura byose mu mutwe, naho abandi 7.9% bavuga ko nta buyobozi na bumwe bakoresha. Mu bashaka kureba neza amafaranga yinjira, 7% bishingikiriza ku byo abacungamari babo bababwira, 14.5% bakoresha impapuro z'umubare, naho abandi 61.6% bakoresha ikaye kugira ngo bafunge konti.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku ba rwiyemezamirimo baciriritse 242 n'abakiriya ba Ceape Brasil. Iki kigo giherereye i Maranhão, Pará, Tocantins, Ceará, Piauí, Pernambuco, Alagoas, São Paulo, Bahia, na Rio Grande do Sul, gifite abakiriya 21.000 bakora, bivuze ko bafite inguzanyo zirimo gutangwa. Ceape yihariye mu gutanga inguzanyo nto zitanga umusaruro, zihuza inguzanyo n'uburezi bw'imari ku bafashe inguzanyo, kandi imaze gutanga inguzanyo zisaga miliyari 7.4 z'amadorari y'Amerika, zigafasha ba rwiyemezamirimo bagera kuri miliyoni 1.5, cyane cyane abo mu karere k'Amajyaruguru y'Uburasirazuba.
