Mu gihe kirekire, ubujyanama bwari isoko ryihariye ku bigo binini, nk'ibiri ku rutonde rwa US Fortune 500, aho 97.6% by'abasanzwe bafite gahunda z'ubujyanama ziteguye. Ariko, iki kibazo cyarahindutse: muri iki gihe, ba rwiyemezamirimo benshi n'ibigo bishya barimo kwifashisha ubujyanama kugira ngo bihutishe iterambere, birinde amakosa yo mu rwego rw'igenamigambi, kandi biteze imbere imyumvire ikora neza.
Imibare iremeza iyi ngendo. Nk’uko bivugwa n’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abajyanama b’Ubucuruzi ryo muri Brezili (ABMEN), umubare w’abajyanama muri Brezili wiyongereyeho 78% hagati ya 2019 na 2020, ugera ku banyamwuga 35.000—kandi ukomeje kwiyongera, aho impuzandengo y’ubwiyongere bwa 19.5% ku mwaka.
Kuri Filipe Bento, washinze akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru wa Atomic Group, gushaka ubujyanama bigaragaza ko hakenewe kwiga buri gihe no gushyiraho ingamba zisobanutse neza. Yagize ati: “Ba rwiyemezamirimo batsinze ntibakura bonyine. Kubona umuyoboro wujuje ibisabwa, icyerekezo cy’ingamba, n’imitekerereze ikwiye bigira uruhare runini mu kwagura ubucuruzi mu buryo buhamye kandi burambye.”.
Ni iki gitandukanya gahunda yo kwigisha abantu kugira ubumenyi bufite ingaruka zikomeye?
Bitandukanye n'ibyo benshi batekereza, ubujyanama ntibugarukira ku nama zihariye cyangwa ku guhanahana ubunararibonye gusa. Ni igikoresho cyo kwihutisha ingamba gihuza uburyo bwo kugera ku miyoboro yujuje ibisabwa, gufata ibyemezo bisobanutse neza, no guteza imbere ubumenyi bw'ingenzi mu buyobozi.
Filipe Bento, uyobora amasosiyete nka Br24, Atomic Ventures, na Atomic Growth, asobanura ko abajyanama bo ku rwego rwo hejuru bibanda ku guteza imbere ubuhanga mu by’ingufu—ubushobozi buhanitse burimo ubuyobozi mu bihe bitazwi, ibiganiro, ingaruka, no gushyira mu bikorwa neza ibitekerezo.
Filipe agira ati: “Amasosiyete mashya arimo gusobanukirwa akamaro ko guhugura. Isoko risaba gufata ibyemezo byihuse kandi bifite ubumenyi buhagije, kandi imikoranire n’abajyanama b’inararibonye itanga inzira y’ingirakamaro, itanga icyemezo, ubuyobozi, n’amahirwe mashya yo gukura.”.
Nk’uko abivuga, ba rwiyemezamirimo bashaka ubwo bwoko bw’inkunga ni abantu bafite intego yo gushaka iterambere rikomeye. Ariko, bahura n’imbogamizi nko gukusanya imari, gushyiraho imiterere y’ibikorwa, no gushyiraho ingamba zishobora kwaguka.
Ingamba esheshatu zo gukura neza kandi mu buryo burambye
Kubera ubunararibonye mu kwihutisha ubucuruzi no guhindura ibigo mu bikorwa bibyara inyungu nyinshi, Filipe Bento agaragaza inkingi esheshatu z'ingenzi akoreraho muri gahunda ze zo guhugura ba rwiyemezamirimo:
Ubufatanye mu by’ingamba – Iterambere rirambye risaba ubufatanye bukomeye, haba ku batanga ibicuruzwa, abafatanyabikorwa, cyangwa abashoramari mu by’ingamba.
Igihe n'umuvuduko - Gutegura amatsinda y'abakora akazi gakomeye no gushyiraho inzira z'imikorere zisobanutse neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo irusheho kwaguka.
Sisitemu z'imikorere - Uburyo bwiza bwo kugura, gutanga, no kugurisha ni inkingi y'ingenzi y'ubucuruzi burambye.
Imitekerereze yo gukura - Kurenga inzitizi z'imbere mu mutima no kugabanya imyizerere ni ikintu cy'ingenzi gitandukanya kuyobora no guhanga udushya.
Ingaruka n'inyungu zigaruka kenshi – Ibigo bigira inyungu ntibishingira ku nyungu zituruka rimwe gusa, ahubwo bishingiye ku buryo buteganijwe kandi burambye.
Iterambere rikwirakwira - Imiterere n'ibicuruzwa bituma ubucuruzi bukura mu buryo bunoze kandi bugezweho.
Kuri Filipe, ubujyanama si uburyo bwo gukora ubushakashatsi bwite, ahubwo ni inzira yo kwiha gahunda. Asoza agira ati: "Duhindura uburyo dukoresha bitewe n'ukuri n'ibibazo buri rwiyemezamirimo afite, tukareba ko afite ibikoresho n'inkunga bikenewe kugira ngo agere ku musaruro ufatika kandi urambye.".