Urwego rw'ubucuruzi, rugenda rushingira ku ikoranabuhanga n'ikoranabuhanga, rwabaye intego nyamukuru y'abagizi ba nabi bo kuri interineti. Hafi 25% by'ibitero byose byo kuri interineti ku isi muri iki gihe byibasira ibigo by'ubucuruzi. Bivugwa ko 80% by'abacuruzi bo ku isi bahuye n'ibitero mu mwaka ushize - benshi muri bo bahuye n'ibibazo byinshi, nko kwandura virusi itera SIDA ku mbuga za interineti, kugerageza ibikorwa by'uburiganya, no kurenga ku nzira zo kwishyura.
Ingaruka z'imari nazo ziyongera: ikiguzi mpuzandengo cy'imena ry'amakuru mu maduka cyageze kuri miliyoni 3.91 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu 2024, ubwiyongere bwa 18% ugereranije n'umwaka ushize. Uretse igihombo cy'amafaranga kitaziguye, ibi byago bigabanya icyizere cy'abaguzi - 62% by'abakiriya bavuga ko batizeye umutekano w'amakuru yabo mu bigo bicuruza.
Ingaruka z'ingenzi: amakuru, kuboneka, n'uburiganya
Ibitero byinshi bya interineti bigira ingaruka ku bucuruzi bwa none bwo kuri interineti, ibikomeye cyane ni ukubura amakuru y’ingenzi, kutaboneka kwa sisitemu, ibitero byo kwanga serivisi (DDoS), n’uburiganya bwo kuri interineti. Kubura amakuru y’ibanga ku bakiliya, bishobora gutuma batakaza icyizere, ibihano by’amategeko, no kwangiza izina ry’ikirango. Kubura amakuru bitewe no gutsindwa cyangwa ibitero, nka ransomware, bihagarika sisitemu z’ingenzi, bikangiza ubucuruzi, kandi bishobora guteza igihombo gikomeye mu by’imari.
Ibitero bya DDoS, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ibikorwa nka Black Friday, bikuraho imbuga za interineti binyuze mu gukurura abantu benshi basura seriveri, bigahita bitakaza ibicuruzwa ndetse bikangiza isura y’ikigo. Uburiganya bwo kuri interineti, nko gukoresha amakarita yibwe no gufata amafaranga, bukoresha inenge muri gahunda kandi biragoye kwirinda bitewe n’umuvuduko wayo no kutagira amahame asobanutse neza. Izi ngaruka akenshi zirahurirana, bigashimangira ko hakenewe uburyo buhamye kandi bwuzuye bwo kurinda umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka ku bucuruzi.
Imiyoborere y’ikoranabuhanga ihamye: urufunguzo rwo kugabanya ibyago
Kugira ngo abacuruzi b’ikoranabuhanga bakemure ibibazo bikomeje kwiyongera, bagomba gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rihamye kandi rifite gahunda nziza, hashingiwe ku mikorere myiza no kubahiriza amategeko.
Ibi birimo byose kuva ku gutegura ibisubizo kugeza ku bitero bitandukanye mbere y’igihe, kugeza ku gushyiraho imiterere y’ikoranabuhanga idafite akamaro ndetse na gahunda zo gukomeza ubucuruzi. Hamwe n’ubuyobozi, ikigo gishobora kwitega ibitero no gutegura ibisubizo, aho kugira ngo gikore mu buryo butunguranye nyuma y’ibyangiritse.
Urugero, amatsinda y’umutekano yatojwe neza hamwe na porogaramu zagenwe zishobora gukumira igitero cya ransomware mbere yuko gikwirakwira, cyangwa zigatandukanya sisitemu yangiritse kugira ngo ibikorwa bisigaye bikomeze gukora. Iyi ngamba yo kwitegura igabanya cyane inshuro n’ingaruka z’ibyabaye.
Ubuyobozi bukomeye bw'ikoranabuhanga mu bucuruzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga bugomba gushingira ku nkingi z'ingenzi, nko politiki zisobanutse z'umutekano zigena amabwiriza arambuye, igenzura rya buri gihe, n'amahugurwa ahoraho y'abakozi. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa gushyira mu bikorwa imicungire ihamye yo kugera ku bantu, hagashyirwaho ihame ry'ibikoresho byo kwemeza amakuru bidafite amahirwe menshi n'ibigezweho, kugabanya intege nke z'imbere mu kigo no gukumira ikoreshwa nabi. Mu rwego rwo guhuza izi ngeso, ni ngombwa gukora ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwikora nko kuvugurura umutekano, gukurikirana buri gihe, no gushakisha amakuru kenshi, kugabanya amakosa y'abantu no kwihutisha ibisubizo.
Muri make, uko ubucuruzi bugenda burushaho kuba bwiza mu ikoranabuhanga n'abagizi ba nabi bo kuri interineti barushaho kuba inyangamugayo, gushora imari mu miyoborere myiza y'ikoranabuhanga no mu mikorere ihamye y'umutekano ntibikiri amahitamo - ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umuntu akomeze kubaho kandi agire icyo ageraho muri uru rwego.
Imiyoborere myiza, ishyigikiwe n'imikorere myiza y'isoko no kubahiriza amahame agenga iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko, igabanya ibyago byo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga kandi ikongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'imikorere y'ibigo by'ubucuruzi. Ibi bivuze kurinda amakuru y'ingenzi na sisitemu z'ingenzi ku bitero, ariko kandi no kwemeza ko, nubwo haba hari ikibazo, ikigo gishobora gukomeza imirimo yacyo cyangwa kikagaruka vuba.
Ingaruka ni ebyiri: kubungabunga ubucuruzi bukomeza no gukomeza kwizera abakiriya mu buryo butekanye bwo guhaha mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga. Mu rwego rw'ibibazo bihora bihinduka, ubushobozi bwo guteganya ibyago no gusubiza neza bushobora kugaragaza ibigo by'ubucuruzi bizashobora gutera imbere muri iki gihe cy'ikoranabuhanga mu buryo butekanye kandi burambye.
Byanditswe na Luciano Costa, umwe mu bashinze Setrion Software
