Byanditswe na Juliana Bauer Lomonaco Quinto, Umuyobozi ushinzwe iyamamazabikorwa muri Amerika y'Epfo
Muri iki gice cya mbere cya 2025 honyine, Brezili yafashe abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 7 bagerageje uburiganya mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, ibi bikaba ari kimwe mu bipimo bya buri masegonda 2.3, nk'uko amakuru aturuka muri Serasa Experian's Fraud Attempt Indicator abivuga. Uyu ni umubare w'ikirenga kandi ugaragaza ukwiyongera kwa 29.5% ugereranyije n'igihe nk'icyo cy'umwaka ushize. Uku kwiyongera si impanuka: gukurikiye ikoreshwa ry'ibikorwa by'imari mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, guhuza Pix nk'uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kwishyura, ndetse, ikirenze byose, no kugera kw'ibikoresho by'ubutasi bw'ubukorano mu bubiko bw'abatekamutwe.
Amasosiyete y’ingano zose mu rwego rw’imari arimo guhatirwa kureka uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura inyandiko maze agakoresha imiterere ikomeye kurushaho, akoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki na AI. Urwego rw’amabanki n’amakarita rugizwe n’ibirenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibyaha byose bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga, bingana na 53.7% by’igerageza ryakozwe mu gice cya mbere cya 2025. Igihombo gishobora kubaho, ni ukuvuga agaciro kari gutakaza iyo uburiganya budahagarikwa, cyageze kuri miliyari 39.8 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri icyo gihe, ugereranyije na miliyari 29.9 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu gihe gihuye nacyo cya 2024.
Iki kibazo kinagira ingaruka ku bucuruzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga. Nk’uko ClearSale's 2024 Fraud Map ibivuga, habaye uburiganya bwageragejwe miliyoni 2.8 mu bucuruzi bwo kuri interineti bwo muri Brezili, aho agaciro ka miliyari 3 z’amadorari y’Amerika gashobora gutakaza agaciro n’agaciro k’ubucuruzi bw’uburiganya kangana na R$ 1.072. Terefone zigendanwa, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, n’ibikoresho bya mudasobwa ni byo byibasiwe cyane.
Ubwenge bw'ubukorano nk'uruganda rw'inyandiko mpimbano
Impinduka ikomeye muri uru rugendo rw’ibibazo ni uruhare rw’ubuhanga bw’ubukorano nk’igikoresho cyo guteza imbere uburiganya mu nganda. Sumsub ivuga ko Brezili ifite 39% by’ibinyoma byose byagaragaye muri Amerika y’Epfo, aho ibitero byikubye inshuro eshanu ugereranyije n’ibya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, ibitero by’ibinyoma byiyongereyeho 700% ugereranije n’igihe nk’icyo cy’umwaka ushize, kandi kugerageza gukoresha inyandiko z’ubukorano byiyongereyeho 195%.
Nk’uko raporo y’uburiganya bw’indangamuntu ya Entrust 2025 ibivuga, uburiganya bw’inyandiko zo kuri interineti bwarenze ubwa mbere uburiganya bw’inyandiko mpimbano, bungana na 57% by’imanza ku isi. Inyandiko imwe muri 50 mpimbano zagaragaye mu 2025 zakozwe n’ibikoresho bya AI bibyara umusaruro.
Uburyo isoko rya Brezili ryabyitwayemo bujyanye n’ikibazo. Ubushakashatsi bwa 34 ku ikoranabuhanga rya banki rya FEBRUARY, bwakozwe na Deloitte, bwerekana ko amabanki yo muri Brezili yateganyaga gushora imari 13% by’inyongera umwaka ushize ugereranije na 2024. Hafi 10% by’ingengo y’imari y’ikoranabuhanga mu by’amabanki yerekeje ku mutekano w’ikoranabuhanga no gukumira uburiganya, kandi 100% by’amabanki yabajijwe ashyira iyi ngingo mu byiciro by’ingenzi. Ishoramari mu buhanga bwo gukoresha ubwenge, isesengura, na big data biteganijwe ko riziyongeraho 61% muri uyu mwaka, aho 80% by’ikoreshwa ryibanda ku gushakisha uburiganya no gucuruza amafaranga.
Kwemeza inyandiko, by’umwihariko, byahindutse imiterere igoye cyane, isoko ryita IDP, ijambo rihinnye risobanura Intelligent Document Processing. Iri koranabuhanga rihuza gufata amashusho no kuyatunganya mbere y’igihe, kuyashyira mu byiciro mu buryo bwikora hamwe no kwiga imashini, gukuramo OCR mu buryo bw’ubwenge, kugenzura amakuru mu bubiko bw’amakuru bwemewe nka Federal Revenue Service, Senatran (Ishami ry’Igihugu rishinzwe Ibinyabiziga) na TSE (Urukiko Rukuru rw’Amatora), ndetse n’ibipimo by’isura hamwe n’ibimenyetso by’ubuzima n’isesengura ry’amakuru y’ubucamanza.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ibigo by’ubujyanama mu ikoranabuhanga ku isi bwerekana ko ibiciro byagabanutseho kugeza kuri 20% na 34% byihuse mu gutunganya ibi bikoresho hamwe no gukoresha neza ibyo bikoresho.
Mu bijyanye na biometrics, ibizamini bya NIST bigaragaza ko igipimo cyo gutsindwa ari 0.2% gusa muri algorithms zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, mu gihe ibisubizo byo kwemeza indangamuntu ya digitale muri Brezili bivuga ko ari 99.9% by'ukuri, bigatunganya miliyoni nyinshi z'igenzura buri kwezi. Ariko, ingamba zo kwirwanaho zarahindutse kuva kuri biometrics zihariye zijya ku cyo abahanga bita uburyo bugizwe n'ibice byinshi: umwirondoro w'umukiriya uhora wemezwa mu mibanire, amakuru y'ibikoresho bihurirana, imyitwarire yo kureba, aho ibintu biherereye, n'amateka y'ibikorwa hamwe n'amakuru ya documentaire na biometric yakusanyijwe iyo winjiraga.
Kuva ku biro by'inyuma kugeza ku bwubatsi bw'umutekano
Icyakora, icyo amasosiyete menshi ataramenya ni uko kwemeza inyandiko mbere y’uko itangira gukoreshwa bidahagije iyo ubuzima bw’iyo nyandiko budafite imbaraga. Iyo amasezerano amaze kwemezwa, amasezerano, icyemezo cy’inyungu, cyangwa ububasha bwo gutanga uburenganzira bigomba kunyura mu nzira ishoboka, hamwe n’inzira z’igenzura zidahinduka, kugenzura uburenganzira rusange, guhindura inyandiko, na politiki yo kubika inyandiko mu buryo bwikora.
Iyo inyandiko mpimbano igeze mu nzira y’imbere idafite uburyo bwo kuyikurikirana, ikintu kimwe cyayinaniye si ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura aho igeze, ahubwo ni ukubura ubuyobozi mu nzira yose.
Iyi ni yo mpamvu gucunga inyandiko byaje gufatwa nk'urwego rw'umutekano, kandi ntibikiri nk'umurimo wo mu biro. Guhuza urubuga rwo kwemeza umwirondoro, imikorere y'inyandiko, na sisitemu yo gucunga inyandiko hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga birema ahantu buri ntambwe y'akazi ikora nk'inyongera ku buriganya.
Kwemeza inyandiko byaretse kuba intambwe yo kwinjira mu nzego z’ubuyobozi kandi byabaye ikintu cy’ingenzi mu miterere y’umutekano. Guhuza amategeko akaze, abatekamutwe bafite ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) n’abaguzi barushaho kugaragara bisaba igisubizo kidashobora gukemurwa n’igikoresho kimwe. Bisaba ikoranabuhanga ryinshi, imicungire y’amakuru mu gihe cyose inyandiko zikora, n’ubushobozi bwo kuvugurura buri gihe. Abagifata icyemezo cyo kugenzura inyandiko nk’igenzura rimwe gusa, mu by’ukuri, bakora akazi kabo bafunguye.
